Children grew up day by day within the mother\'s womb, the mother\'s body burden increasingly heavy, while the mother often surprises, will gradually increase the psychological burden: Labor pain pain? Caesarean section, please? To prepare something for the children? …… The psychological burden, if not timely guidance, it is prone to psychological disorders. Therefore, we not only pay attention to the effects of physiological factors on delivery, more attention to the social and psychological factors that influence on the process of childbirth. In this way, help to improve the security of natural childbirth.
First lesson: understanding stress responses in delivery
Although the delivery is a natural physiological processes, but it is often a major stress about the human events, especially the primipara, very prone to complex psychological change. Stress responses in delivery, maternal effects on internal and external factors in the environment at the time of the body, nonspecific effects arising out of, during the pregnancy began the psychological stress reaction-
· On physiological changes of the body after pregnancy not to adapt, particularly early pregnancy. Fetal has just been accepted as a foreign body, together with vomiting of pregnancy reaction discomfort, pregnant women on pregnancy and childbirth have different degrees of fear.
· Too focused on pregnancy process, where often fear pregnancy does not smooth, worry about abnormal fetal development. Research shows that have displayed a negative attitude in pregnancy, fetal conditions of pregnant women to worry too much, prone to complications during pregnancy, at delivery and are often more dangerous.
· Worry that childbirth is not smooth, fear of surgery, afraid of uterine contractions during labour pain.
· Afraid of unfamiliar environment of childbirth, maternal painful groans or howling around the fear, fear of medical personnel face of apathy or language stimulation.
· For fetal gender trouble, worry about delivery sequel, worry about the fetus cannot survive, no one worried about postpartum care and economic costs.
Lesson: understanding the physiological and psychological responses during labour characteristics
Characteristics of physiological responses during performance--
· Increase in blood pressure, heart rate to speed up, breathing, Hyperglycemia, muscle tension, and so on.
· Changes in the endocrine system, especially the pituitary-adrenal system, making norepinephrine secretion increases, leading to uterine atony, affecting the smooth progress of the stage.
Psychological reaction characteristic during performance--
· Anxiety, fear, depression is the most common psychological stress reaction. Appropriate anxiety, can improve the individual\'s ability to adapt to the environment, and excessive anxiety is not conducive to adapt, easily lead to uterine atony, is to increase the delivery rate and one of the possible factors of postpartum hemorrhage.
· Adverse emotional reactions can bring down the pain field, increasing the pain. Prolonged stress-pain syndrome makes stage, at the same time reduce the uterine blood flow, the fetal hypoxia.
· Maternal psychological ability of stress drop self-evaluation decline, lack of self-confidence.
· Stress caused by a strong emotional response, maternal delivery self-control of reduced or lost.
Third course: psychological care from pregnancy begins when
During pregnancy, many psychological and physiological changes of interwoven together, form a unique psychological stress reaction in pregnant women. These psychological and emotional changes and continued to labor, and gradually increased. Awareness of pregnant women on delivery, on pain of prepared and the attitudes of family members and friends around, will have an enormous impact on the delivery process. Therefore, during mental health should start from pregnancy, on the Elimination of fear labor tensions –
· Understanding delivery knowledge
Pregnant women need to know, successful completion of the delivery, depending on the force, elements of the three traditional birth canal, fetal.
Recent studies suggest that psychological factors had a great influence on the delivery process, is considered the fourth element. Any one of the four elements is not normal, will affect the smooth progress of the stage. Only four factors of mutual coordination, can be successfully completed the delivery process.
· Understanding normal delivery after
Natural childbirth experience three stages, called the three stage. Maternal only fully understand the characteristics of each stage in the delivery, and began to actively prepare prior to delivery, delivery can be full of confidence, actively works with health care personnel.
First stage of the dilatation of cervix, is from the maternal appear regular uterine contractions start, up to the Palace opened in 10cm. This period of time is very long, General maternal 8-12 in the early hours, by maternal 6-8 hours, rate of dilatation of cervix is not uniform. At the beginning (before dilatation of cervix 3cm) slower, as the progress of labor contraction of increasing frequency, the stronger the dilatation of cervix will be faster. Maternal psychological preparation should be done is, properly treat uterine pain because uterine pain also brings hope, should think of uterine contraction is the fetus to the destination of the step at a time.
Second stage of labor for the delivery of the fetal period, is from the Miyaguchi opened up to the delivery of the fetus. This maternal about 1-2 hours in the early stages, multiparous within 1 hour. At this point, the maternal uterine pain reduction, but may have a sense of uncontrollable bowel in uterine contractions, oppression and rectum caused by version this is. Maternal psychological preparation should be done is, learn to uterine contractions correctly breath when forced down, mobilization of rectus and levator ani muscle strength helped smooth delivery of the fetus. Uterotonic intermittent stop, seize the rest. When the delivery of the fetal head is about to mouth halitus, avoid onrushingly enables rapid delivery of the fetal head, causing perineal.
For the delivery of the placenta during the third stage, refers to the process of delivery of the delivery of the fetus to the placenta, usually in the 10-20 minutes. Soon after the delivery of the fetus, with mild pain of placental removal. After the discharge of the placenta, to check the birth canal laceration and suturing the wound.
Lesson: understanding the benefits of natural childbirth and advantages and disadvantages of Cesarean section
Some women and their families believe that caesarean section can be free from suffering, is not
Change shape, and can guarantee the safety of infant caesarean boy is quite clever, so blindly pursuing caesarean. This is lack of proper understanding of normal deliveries. In fact, vaginal delivery for more benefits of mother-· For fetal, delivery process in the uterine has law of contraction, can makes fetal of lung are exercise, was born Hou conducive to newborn respiratory of established, promote lung mature, was born Hou rarely occurs lung transparent film disease; delivery Shi uterine contractions and birth canal of extrusion role, can will fetal respiratory within of amniotic fluid and mucus exclusion out, makes newborn wet lung and inhalation sexual pneumonia of occurs rate greatly reduced; immune globulin g (IgG) in natural delivery process in the, can by maternal to fetal, profile Palace births lack this a get antibody of process, thus natural delivery of newborn has more strong of resistance.
· For maternity, childbirth pain lower uterine segment during thinning, thickening on, dilatation of cervix. This change allows the postpartum uterine contraction of enhancing, in favour of postpartum Lochia discharge, uterine recovery, reduces postpartum bleeding. And from the effects of anesthesia and surgery, postpartum recovery faster.
· Cesarean section is a means of addressing maternal and neonatal complications and dystocia. As medical technologies improve, despite the operation\'s security has increased, but the risk of undergoing anesthesia still exist, such as accidentally and amniotic fluid embolism, high incidence of neonatal aspiration pneumonia, may also develop postpartum bleeding, pelvic adhesions, and so on. After delivery, maternal body recovery was slow.
This shows that the vaginal delivery is the normal delivery path. Pregnant women after pregnancy should have ample thought and mental preparation. If there is no exception, for the health of mothers and infants should try vaginal delivery.
Lesson: learning from relieving pain during childbirth
Anxiety, fear and other undesirable emotional reactions can bring down the pain field, increasing the pain. And the pain increased anxiety, fear and other emotions, forming a vicious cycle. Maternal should correctly deal with pain, and method of reducing pain--
· Enhanced delivery confidence, good mood, can increase pain tolerance.
· Imagination and hint: imagine uterotonic Miyaguchi slowly when opening, vaginal dilation, fetal gradually declined, and self-suggestion: \"I am very well, will soon be able to see my baby. ”
· Helps relaxation techniques: such as muscle relaxation training, deep breaths, warm water baths, massages, changing position.
· Distractions: maternal favorite photos or pictures, read books, watch TV, listen to music, talk.
· Weak catharsis: like with the help of hum, groans, sighs, lessen the pain.
Class VI: learning for social and family support
Social and family support, are main factors affecting the psychological state. Good social support to State protection of pregnant women under stress, buffering protection –
· Prenatal should include her husband, mother-in-law and psychological health education of parents and other family members for the relevant, properly handle the relationship between them and the pregnant woman.
· Adopt a correct attitude to boy or girl, so that pregnant women have a warm and harmonious family environment, comfortable comfort and psychological burdens, devoted to labor ready to go.
· Family should pay more attention to, to encourage pregnant women, and urge them to check on a regular basis, strengthening the role of objective support for pregnant women.
· Familiar with labor environment and staff, through various means, such as playing a video, visit, consultation and exchange of, familiar with hospital managed to pregnant women. Familiar with Labor\'s environment and health care workers, reducing the tension of hospital delivery.
Seventh session: delivery of mental health
For most women, childbirth, sense of adventure, excitement, but not sure what will happen during childbirth, which to them to bring more anxiety and panic, feeling as if it were embedded in the cliff edge, is not marked in front of the room. Especially the primipara, due to lack of experience of delivery, together with the exaggerated pain around friends and family on delivery, enabling them to the bearing is filled with fear. But if you take the following methods, you can reduce the fear of maternal, conducive to the smooth progress of the delivery:
· Provides DOULA or other delivery company
Accompany women let them complete the delivery process. DOULA is means a has reproductive experience of women in prenatal, and production Shi and the postpartum to maternal continued of physiological Shang of support and help, and spirit Shang of comfort and encourages, they not only has reproductive experience, and rich love, and compassion and sense, and has good of interpersonal exchange skills, can to maternal security and rely on sense, therefore is reduce production pain and elimination maternal tension emotional of a is good of method.
DOULA in the key of life processes, can calm and objective attitude of observation on maternal and guidance of the scientific and effective way to help them, with a warm and gentle words and deeds encouraged them, makes deliveries completed successfully. This one\'s company, to build mutual trust between the company and the maternal sense, meet the needs of women in labor in the process of independent and dependent, make them feel comfortable and relaxed, from self-confidence. In this way, you can guarantee and promotion of maternal and child safety and health.
· Incubation period of the first stage of maternal to communicate
Uterine pain just beginning at this time, maternal energy are abundant, should communicate with their language –
· Using listening skills, understanding of maternal and level of knowledge of her husband on delivery and complement.
· Constantly explain pain, reducing the physiological methods of pain and the pain stage of change.
· Walking as far as possible encourage maternal, fetal head down, shorten stage.
· Drink beverages (energy), eating, timely urination.
· Review or demonstration of muscle relaxation and breathing techniques.
· Continued maternal recognition and encouragement.
· Active phase of the first stage to be more caring maternal
As the pain increased fear increased problems women fear childbirth, dependent more. At this time, more attention and support should be strengthened--
· Use of non-language communication skills that will help as much as possible, help establish confidence.
· Often transform position, such as stations, squatting, walking, avoid prostrate.
· Held their hands according to the needs of women or to their massage back.
· Guiding women take a deep breath, get their stability, relaxing.
· Inform women and their families of labor progress at any time and condition of the fetus.
· Maternal attention and physician of second stage combined with
· Around praise and encouragement, so that they increase confidence.
· Guide maternal tie in with the contraction of breath-holding, timely recognition and encouragement to their progress.
· When when there is no sense of breath-holding maternal should adhere to activities, such as lap, foot, squatting, and so on.
· Ready to meet maternal physiological needs, such as water, wipe perspiration.
· After giving birth to the couple to congratulate.
· Women should enjoy the third stage was difficult of happiness
After delivery of the fetus, pregnant women I was feeling intra-abdominal air, the birth canal of relief, physical and mental fatigue, his heart was filled with happiness and pride: \"I finally successfully bring the baby to the world\", family to share the joy of maternal and early contacts as soon as possible, early suck.
Eighth session: role of husband to wife in labor actively
In the stage in the process, encouraging the husband to participate actively, they gave psychological and spiritual support is other people is not a substitute for, and promote the love of husband and wife there is a certain positive significance.
Husband at her side, women have a unique role. They have access to his wife\'s hobby can give caress and comfort when disturbed in their pain and emotional support. Women at the time of the caring and considerate husband intimate, you can relieve tension psychology of fear, reduce loneliness. And, the husband may help women do something under the guidance of medical personnel, such as shaking hands, touch, massage, wipe the sweat away, makes women feel the warmth of the family.
Nineth lesson: giving birth in a warm and comfortable environment
Delivery environments of families, women a feeling of being at home, comfortable, warm, quiet, safe. Best color in a room is warm, suitable for ` and temperature and humidity, to paste some lovely baby pictures on the wall; also according to the different maternal preference, play a variety of soothing, gentle or powerful music.
For meet maternal of posture of changes, should has can automatically regulation of delivery bed, and spot for maternal design of walk car, facilities and for maternal prepared of wash bathroom and health environment to good of toilet; maternal in cotton mass, and spacious, and comfortable of gown, husband should with pajamas, does not Hat and masks; wall edge of table Shang, also can placed flowers, and beverage and delicious food,. This will make women feel natural, cordial.
Tenth session: Learn various analgesia in childbirth methods
Analgesia is every women should enjoy the power of obstetric signs of modern civilization. Labour pain comes from the spirit (tension) and functional (uterine muscle contraction and paroxysmal tire on soft birth canal compression when the baby through the birth canal induced by stretch). It tends to make maternal fears, to lose confidence in delivery, impact stage normally. If you understand the maternal for analgesia methods, application is reasonable during labour, make uterine contractions more coordination, physical exertion lowered to facilitate the progress of labor.
At present, most non-drug using simple analgesia to reduce the adverse effects of drugs on maternal and infant, in childbirth analgesia methods to choose from--
· Helps relaxation techniques, such as deep breathing, singing, warm bath, transform under the postures, massage the abdomen and lumbar sacral and works with deep breaths, with thumb pressure or symphysis of anterior superior iliac spine, lumbosacral or double hand fist repression.
· Helps distract methods, such as listening to music, talking with people, watching television, reading books.
· Help method of the fetal head down, such as avoiding prostrate, often away, squatting, kneeling, and wait for the different positions.
· Helps regulate neural transfer method, such as analgesia instrument after power on, at the point of pain on both sides of the spine, by stimulating acupoints and achieve pain-relief; or to acupoint injection procaine, acupoint block and pain.
· When in pain or coordinated application of analgesic drugs, such as intramuscular injection of dolantin, stability; or inhalation of nitrous oxide, or local anesthesia and epidural block, and so on.
11th session: maternal to use interpersonal communication skills
After parturition, maternal due to the changing role of getting quite vulnerable, they are vulnerable to mood swings, irritability, loss of confidence. Therefore, the medical staff and the attitudes of separated families will have a great impact on maternal, ought to do so--
More emotional exchanges
· Accompanying person should have love and self-confidence, and attention to appearance and attitude, give women a quiet, comfortable and safe feeling.
· A good listener, and as much as possible the use of language to communicate, such as smiling facial expression, eye contact and body posture. And maternal appropriate proximity and touch, you can bring security and closeness to the maternal, establish emotional communication.
Language Exchange:
· Discourse should be kind, gentle, lively.
· Have displayed interest in maternal and answered in a timely manner.
· Frequently asked of maternal feeling and understanding.
· Promoting the use of open questions to guide their play, that you can gain more information.
· Often praised and encouraged, so that maternal confidence.
· Women use
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